Common Buckthorn
Rhamnus cathartica
Common buckthorn was introduced to North America in the early nineteenth century as a shrub and small tree addition to landscapes. As with many other woody invasive ornamental species it was also encouraged as a planting for wildlife habitat and windbreaks/fencerows. Eventually its invasiveness was realized and now the use of the plant is highly discouraged if not prohibited, depending on where you are located. 

Common buckthorn produces an incredible number of seeds and this allows it to spread rapidly. It grows larger and faster than many native species and will create a dense monoculture. While it is somewhat shade tolerant, buckthorn is primarily found along forest edges, along roadsides, and in old fields. 

This species of buckthorn can look very similar to glossy buckthorn. However, common buckthorn has spines/thorns (glossy does not) and leaf edges that are finely toothed. 
Photo Credits: Jan Samanek, Phytosanitary Administration, bugwood.org | Chris Evans, University of Illinois, bugwood.org | Rob Routledge, Sault College, bugwood.org | Sharon Yiesla, Morton Arboretum
Learn More About Common Buckthorn:
Common Buckthorn Facts
  • Grows 10-25 feet tall
  • In addition to outcompeting other plants, common buckthorn also releases chemicals that may be detrimental to native amphibian eggs. 
  • It has a preference for disturbed sites but can also be found in less-disturbed areas. 
  • Dark berries will often persist through the winter. 
Management Options
  • Mechanical cutting alone is ineffective - new sprouts will likely appear!
  • Very young seedlings can be hand-pulled if entire root system can be removed. 
  • Again, if entire root system can be removed, digging buckthorn is an option. But keep an eye out for resprouts!
  • Herbicide application: Applying a liquid herbicide to a recently cut stump is highly effective.